Mozambique: Jihadist Attacks in Cabo Delgado Ahead of LNG Project Resumption

Recent coordinated assaults in northern Mozambique indicate a re-emergence of extremist violence by Islamic State-affiliated militants, coinciding with preparations by TotalEnergies to recommence operations on its suspended liquefied natural gas (LNG) project in Cabo Delgado. The insurgent group, which had previously declared its intention to establish an Islamic caliphate in the hydrocarbon-rich province, prompted the suspension of the multi-billion-dollar project in 2021 following mass displacement and intense violence. Although the insurgency had receded amidst post-electoral civil disturbances, May 2025 witnessed renewed attacks on two military facilities, with the group claiming responsibility for the deaths of 21 government soldiers. This resurgence underscores persistent security vulnerabilities that may jeopardize both national stability and international energy investments.